Understanding Fire Blankets: Essential Safety Devices for Fire Protection

Fire blankets are vital safety devices designed to extinguish small fires or to wrap around a person for protection during a fire incident. These blankets are particularly useful for smothering fires that cannot be easily extinguished with water or a fire extinguisher.

What is a Fire Blanket?

A fire blanket is a specialised safety device designed to extinguish incipient fires (fires at their early stage). It is made from fire-retardant materials and works by smothering the fire, cutting off its oxygen supply.

Materials Used in Fire Blankets

Fire blankets are made from materials that can withstand high temperatures. Historically, asbestos was used for its heat-resistant properties, but its use has been discontinued due to health risks.

Common Materials in Modern Fire Blankets:

• Fibreglass: Known for its fire resistance and thermal insulation properties, making it ideal for home use.
• Kevlar: Often used in industrial fire blankets for its heat resistance and strength.

Types of Fire Blankets

Fire blankets come in different sizes and are designed for various uses:

1. Standard Home Use

These smaller fire blankets are ideal for kitchen fires or minor electrical fires, usually made of fibreglass and stored in quick-release cases.

2. Industrial Use

Larger fire blankets used in settings like laboratories or industrial environments where larger fires may occur. Often made from Kevlar for added durability.

3. Specialised Fire Blankets

These blankets, such as those used in motorsport, are designed to quickly smother fires without damaging vehicles.

How to Use a Fire Blanket Correctly

1. Pull the tapes: This releases the blanket from its storage case.
2. Shield your hands: Hold the blanket with the protective shields towards the fire.
3. Cover the fire gently: Place the blanket over the fire without throwing it, to avoid increasing airflow.
4. Keep the blanket in place: Leave it on until the area has cooled to prevent re-ignition.
5. Call emergency services: Contact the fire brigade if necessary.

Types of Fires Suitable for Fire Blankets

Fire blankets are most effective for the following types of fires:

• Class F fires: Involving cooking oils and fats, such as chip-pan fires.
• Class B fires: Involving flammable liquids like petrol, paint, or spirits.
• Small Class A fires: Involving combustible materials such as wood, paper, or textiles.

Conclusion

Fire blankets are an essential tool in fire safety, providing an effective way to extinguish small fires safely. Their ability to smother fires without causing damage makes them invaluable in both residential and industrial settings.